Dysphania (Amaranthaceae)

Dysphania là chi thực vật có hoa trong họ Amaranthaceae.

Dysphania
Dysphania anthelmintica
Phân loại khoa học
Giới:	Plantae
nhánh:	Tracheophyta
nhánh:	Angiospermae
nhánh:	Eudicots
Bộ:	Caryophyllales
Họ:	Amaranthaceae
Phân họ:	Chenopodioideae
Tông:	Dysphanieae
Chi:	Dysphania R.Br.
Các đồng nghĩa
Danh sách Ambrina Spach Amorea Moq. ex Delile Botrydium Spach Cyclolepis Moq. Cycloloma Moq. Meiomeria Standl. Neobotrydium Moldenke Orthospermum Opiz Orthosporum (R.Br.) T.Nees Petermannia Rchb. Roubieva Moq.

Bài này viết về chi thực vật có hoa. Đối với chi bướm cùng danh pháp, xem Dysphania (bướm đêm).

Các loài

Chi Dysphania được ghi nhận có 46 loài, được phân thành 4 nhánh:

• Dysphania sect. Adenois (Moq.) Mosyakin & Clemants: 15 species, native in South and Middle America, now distributed worldwide from the tropics to warm-temperate regions:
  • Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants - Epazote, Mexican-tea: native in North- and South America, naturalized in other continents.
  • Dysphania anthelmintica (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants
  • Dysphania burkartii (Aellen) Mosyakin & Clemants
  • Dysphania chilensis (Schrad.) Mosyakin & Clemants - native in Argentina and Chile.
  • Dysphania multifida (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants - Cut-leaf goosefoot, small-leaved wormseed: native in South America, introduced from the tropics to warm-temperate regions.
  • Dysphania oblanceolata (Speg.) Mosyakin & Clemants
  • Dysphania tomentosa (Thouars) Mosyakin & Clemants
  • Dysphania venturii (Aellen) Mosyakin & Clemants
• Dysphania sect. Botryoides (C.A.Mey.) Mosyakin & Clemants: with two subsections:
  • Dysphania sect. Botryoides subsect. Botrys (Aellen & Iljin) Mosyakin & Clemants: with 9 species, worldwide, native in southern North America, northern South America, southern Eurasia and Africa.
    • Dysphania botrys (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants - Jerusalem-oak, feather-geranium: native from Middle Europa to China (Xinjiang), naturalized or cultivated in other temperate regions.
    • Dysphania nepalensis (Link ex Colla) Mosyakin & Clemants - in Central Asia
    • Dysphania procera (Hochst. ex Moq.) Mosyakin & Clemants
    • Dysphania pseudomultiflora (Murray) Verloove & Lambinon - In South Africa.
    • Dysphania schraderiana (Schult.) Mosyakin & Clemants
  • Dysphania sect. Botryoides subsect. Incisa (Standley) Mosyakin & Clemants:
    • Dysphania dissecta (Moq.) Mosyakin & Clemants - south-western North America and in South America
    • Dysphania incisa (Poir.) ined.
• Dysphania sect. Dysphania, with 8 species in Australia:
  • Dysphania glandulosa Paul G.Wilson - in Australia
  • Dysphania glomulifera (Nees) Paul G.Wilson - in Australia
  • Dysphania kalpari Paul G.Wilson - in Australia
  • Dysphania littoralis R.Br. - in Australia
  • Dysphania plantaginella F.Muell. - in Australia
  • Dysphania platycarpa Paul G.Wilson - in Australia
  • Dysphania rhadinostachya (F.Muell.) A.J.Scott - in Australia
  • Dysphania simulans F.Muell. & Tate - in Australia
  • Dysphania sphaerosperma Paul G.Wilson - in Australia
  • Dysphania valida Paul G.Wilson - in Australia
• Dysphania sect. Orthospora (R.Br.) Mosyakin & Clemants: with 7 species in New Zealand and Australia, some species introduced in other regions:
  • Dysphania carinata (R.Br.) Mosyakin & Clemants - native in Australia, naturalized in other continents.
  • Dysphania cristata (F.Muell.) Mosyakin & Clemants) - native in Australia, naturalized in other continents.
  • Dysphania melanocarpa (J.M.Black) Mosyakin & Clemants - black crumbweed
  • Dysphania pumilio (R.Br.) Mosyakin & Clemants - Clammy goosefoot, small crumbweed: native in Australia, naturalized in other continents.
  • Dysphania pusilla Mosyakin & Clemants
  • Dysphania saxatilis (Paul G.Wilson) Mosyakin & Clemants
  • Dysphania truncata (Paul G.Wilson) Mosyakin & Clemants
• Not yet grouped to a section:
  • Dysphania atriplicifolia (Spreng.) G.Kadereit, Sukhor. & Uotila
  • Dysphania bhutanica Sukhor.
  • Dysphania bonariensis (Hook.f.) Mosyakin & Clemants ex Sukhor.
  • Dysphania × bontei (Aellen) Stace
  • Dysphania × christii (Aellen) Stace
  • Dysphania congestiflora S.J.Dillon & A.S.Markey
  • Dysphania congolana (Hauman) Mosyakin & Clemants - in Africa
  • Dysphania geoffreyi Sukhor.
  • Dysphania himalaica Uotila
  • Dysphania kitiae Uotila
  • Dysphania minuata (Aellen) Mosyakin & Clemants
  • Dysphania multiflora (Moq.) G.Kadereit, Sukhor. & Uotila
  • Dysphania neglecta Sukhor.
  • Dysphania retusa (Moq.) Mosyakin & Clemants ex Brignone
  • Dysphania stellata (S.Watson) Mosyakin & Clemants - This species has 6-8 tepals
  • Dysphania tibetica (A.J.Li) Uotila

Hình ảnh

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Tham khảo

• Steven E. Clemants & Sergei L. Mosyakin (2003): Dysphania - online. In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 4: Magnoliophyta: Caryophyllidae, part 1. Oxford University Press, New York, ISBN 0-19-517389-9, p. 267. (chapters description, distribution, systematics)
• Sergei L. Mosyakin, Steven E. Clemants (2008): Further Transfers of glandular-pubescent species from Chenopodium subg. Ambrosia to Dysphania (Chenopodiaceae). In: Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas Vol.2, Nr. 1, p. 425–431. (chapter systematics)
• Gelin Zhu, Sergei L. Mosyakin & Steven E. Clemants (2003): Chenopodiaceae: Dysphania – online. In: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Hrsg.): Flora of China. Volume 5: Ulmaceae through Basellaceae. Science Press u.a., Beijing u.a., ISBN 1-930723-27-X, p. 376. (chapter description, vernacular name)
• species and distribution at GRIN, retrieved 30 November 2011
• Gudrun Kadereit, Evgeny V. Mavrodiev, Elizabeth H. Zacharias, Alexander P. Sukhorukov (2010): Molecular phylogeny of Atripliceae (Chenopodioideae, Chenopodiaceae): Implications for systematics, biogeography, flower and fruit evolution, and the origin of C4 Photosynthesis. In: American Journal of Botany, 97(10), p. 1664–1687.
• Dysphania ambrosioides at Liber Herbarum, retrieved 30 November 2011.
• Dysphania schraderiana at Liber Herbarum, retrieved 30 November 2011.
• First publication scanned at Biodiversity Heritage Library
• Erich Oberdorfer, Theo Müller (1983): Pflanzensoziologische Exkursionsflora. 5. ed., Ulmer, Stuttgart, ISBN 3-8001-3429-2, p.342
• Tropicos, retrieved 30 November 2011.
• Pertti Uotila (2011): Chenopodiaceae (pro parte majore). – In: Euro+Med Plantbase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Dysphania. Euro+Med Plantbase, retrieved 30 November 2011.
• Distribution Map for Europe